隐身反设计下飞翼布局气动与隐身综合设计

为同时获得良好的气动和隐身性能,基于双发动机布局下飞翼无人机大鼓包式机身,采用隐身反设计思路,开展了飞翼布局气动与隐身综合设计与分析研究,提出了一种减小翼型前缘半径的机身前缘类"鹰嘴"形飞翼布局优化构型.分别采用CFD(计算流体力学)方法对M6机翼进行气动数值模拟方法验证,以及基于FEKO软件中MLFMM(多层快速多极子方法)和PO(物理光学法)对圆柱体和某飞翼布局缩比模型进行隐身数值计算方法验证,并利用该方法获得了飞翼布局无人机气动与隐身综合特性.结果表明:建立的气动与隐身数值模拟方法计算结果与实验吻合较好,数值计算方法是可靠的;基于隐身反设计思路构建的机身前缘类"鹰嘴"形飞翼布局设计不仅纵向气动特性略微提升,且前向(-25°~25°)隐身性能明显提高,充分表明了隐身反设计思路的有效性;前缘类"鹰嘴"形设计主要影响机身表面压力分布,并有助于提升升阻特性;前缘类"鹰嘴"形设计比传统钝形前缘设计在不同频率和不同滚转角下隐身特性均有所提高.     

Fuzzy deduction methods of selecting the underwater terrain navigation matching area

To overcome the problems of not describing terrain matching characteristics totally with a single terrain feature parameter in underwater navigation terrain database, an evaluation method named Vague set is proposed to describe the terrain suitability comprehensively based on the fuzzy decision making (FDM) method. The membership functions and non-membership functions of the Vague set are used to define the influence of the terrain map characteristics parameters on matching suitability, and comprehensive evaluation values of matching areas are obtained by the weighted score function method. Simulation results demonstrate that the terrain map suitability is positively proportional to the comprehensive evaluation value, while the matching position error is negatively proportional to the comprehensive evaluation value of the matching area. The Vague set can choose the optimal matching areaeffectively, and solve the problem that the single topographic map featurecannot evaluate suitability comprehensively.     

Improved Computational Model of Grid Cells Based on Column Structure

To simulate the firing pattern of biological grid cells, this paper presents an improved computational model of grid cells based on column structure. In this model, the displacement along different directions is processed by modulus operation, and the obtained remainder is associated with firing rate of grid cell. Compared with the original model, the improved parts include that: the base of modulus operation is changed, and the firing rate in firing field is encoded by Gaussian-like function. Simulation validates that the firing pattern generated by the improved computational model is more consistent with biological characteristic than original model. Besides, the firing pattern is badly influenced by the cumulative positioning error, but the computational model can also generate the regularly hexagonal firing pattern when the real-time positioning results are modified.     

计算机视觉原理分析及其应用

介绍了计算机视觉的原理,分析解释了实现原理的步骤以及发展现状,并且举例说明了计算机视觉的应用,解决了在人脸检测和识别、机器人目标定位、导航等领域的应用问题,并简单论述了计算机视觉技术的发展方向.     

金沙江下游梯级水库群多目标兴利调度模型及应用

多目标兴利调度是充分发挥金沙江梯级水库群综合效益的重要课题,如何科学控制上下游梯级水库蓄泄方式、协调不同兴利调度目标间的竞争关系,是金沙江梯级水库群水资源高效利用的关键科学问题。本文在分析发电效益、航运效益和容量效益间竞争与冲突关系的基础上,建立了以总发电量最大、通航流量最大、时段保证出力最大为目标的梯级水库群多目标兴利调度模型,并采用多目标进化算法对其进行求解,得到了不同频率来水情况下多目标兴利调度方案集,可为金沙江梯级水库群联合调度提供科学的决策依据。     

Hybrid Kalman and unscented Kalman filters for INS/GPS integrated system considering constant lever arm effect

In inertial navigation system(INS) and global positioning system(GPS) integrated system, GPS antennas are usually not located at the same location as the inertial measurement unit(IMU) of the INS, so the lever arm effect exists, which makes the observation equation highly nonlinear. The INS/GPS integration with constant lever arm effect is studied. The position relation of IMU and GPS’s antenna is represented in the earth centered earth fixed frame, while the velocity relation of these two systems is represented in local horizontal frame. Due to the small integration time interval of INS, i.e. 0.1 s in this work, the nonlinearity in the INS error equation is trivial, so the linear INS error model is constructed and addressed by Kalman filter’s prediction step. On the other hand, the high nonlinearity in the observation equation due to lever arm effect is addressed by unscented Kalman filter’s update step to attain higher accuracy and better applicability. Simulation is designed and the performance of the hybrid filter is validated.     

水下结构物修复用先进机械手软硬件关键技术综述

机器人进行水下结构物维修时,不仅处于非结构化环境,而且存在浮游碰撞危险,作业区域可达性差,水下环境识别困难等特殊问题,所以,进一步提升机器人智能化水平非常重要。英国GRL公司用于焊缝检验的先进海底机械手ARM系统采用先进的人机接口以及工厂用机器人的某些技术,实现了机械手的控制。以ARM的开发经验为基础,目前GRL公司正在研制更为先进的机器人控制系统Polecat,该系统将用于ROV导航员的训练平台Rovsim以及一系列欧盟和商业项目之中,其适用场合不仅包括海洋工程,也包括核电和其他环境。     

激光辅助智能车障碍物探测方法研究

在智能车视觉导航系统中,为了能够快速精确地探测到智能车前方障碍物,并恢复出障碍物表面的三维信息,提出了一种基于激光辅助的主动探测方法.该方法首先用激光发射器向空间障碍物发射多线激光光条,然后用摄像机观测图像中光条的扭曲,线条断开的位置经过一定的三角几何计算就给出障碍物的尺寸信息.实验结果表明,该方法能够快速准确地探测到障碍物并恢复出其表面三维信息,具有很强的鲁棒性.     

一种RVM的INS参数长期稳定性预测与补偿方法

为提高惯导系统参数长期稳定性,降低人工标定成本,增强惯导系统使用效能,提出一种基于相关向量机的惯导系统参数长期稳定性预测和补偿方法,选择均值和标准差作为参数稳定性的性能指标.而对于均值随时间变化具有明显规律的参数,采用RVM方法对存贮时间较长的参数稳定性均值进行回归建模,根据模型对存贮时间较短的参数稳定性进行性能预测和标定参数补偿．最后对惯导系统中重要参数加速度计标度因数长期稳定性进行建模预测和参数补偿,补偿后结果显示,间隔时间约6个月的参数稳定性均值性能提高了50.90％,验证了所提方法具有很好的实际应用价值,且表明使用该方法能够代替人工标定,以增强惯导系统使用效能．     

利用X射线脉冲星的星间差分联合定位方法简

Relative navigation traditionally using inter-satellite links demands higher inter-satellite time synchronization, and has no ability of absolute positioning and timing. In this paper, we propose a relative navigation model of X-ray pulsar-based co-localization. The main satellite receives the radiation pulse signal from X-ray pulsars, and sends the arrival time and individual pulse's feature to adjacent satellites through inter-satellite links. Then by detecting the inter-satellite time difference of X-ray pulsar signals we can establish the location equation to find the inter-satellite relative position. We deduce the error correction equation of the pulse TOA prediction model and analyze the identifiability of individual pulses of the pulsar. The method proposed in this paper is less influenced by the TOA prediction model, ephemeris error, etc. It is helpful for achieving on-line self-adaption correction of the TOA prediction model and combined orbit determination of satellite constellation.